The relationship between awareness, interpersonal and intrapersonal factors and consumption of fruit and vegetables was measured in a random digit dialing sample of 2,605 US adults. All of these factors combined explained 24% of the variance in total fruit and vegetable consumption. Self-efficacy, taste preferences and awareness of the 5 A Day message had the strongest association with higher consumption of fruit and vegetables.

The impact of fear of weight gain and active duty military status on anticipated and actual smoking relapse was assessed among 108 active-duty military personnel and 144 non-military personnel who participated in a smoking cessation program. Military personnel were more likely to be concerned about weight gain and to anticipate that smoking relapse would occur if they gained 5 to 10 pounds. These trends were strongest among military personnel who were close to the maximum allowable weight specified by the military before disciplinary action would be taken.

Analysis of staging questionnaires and food frequency questionnaires sent to 301 young adults in 10 states showed that the five-stage schema developed to classify readiness to change addictive behaviors such as smoking cigarettes may not be appropriate for classifying readiness to change non-addictive and complex behaviors such as consumption of fruits and vegetables. Possible three-stage and seven-stage schemas emerged.

In an effort to better understand why health professionals do or do not counsel their patients to exercise, the utility of the constructs in the Theory of Planned Behavior to predict this counseling was measured among 394 mental health workers in the United Kingdom. Overall, 27% of the variance in stage of readiness to promote exercise was explained by the model and 61% of intentions to promote exercise was explained. Past behavior in counseling patients to exercise was the strongest predictor of future behavior.

A systematic review of the literature on worksite health promotion programs published in 1998 through 2000 identified 27 studies of comprehensive workplace health promotion programs which utilized experimental, quasi-experimental designs or non-experimental design with pre and post measures. Twelve of the studies were excluded because of the exclusion criteria, leaving 15 for the review. Differences in study design, sample size, participation and attrition rates, duration of the intervention and the follow-up make it difficult to pull distinct trends from these studies. However, all of the studies reported primarily positive outcomes for both health and financial measures, but not all of the outcomes within each study were positive. Also, providing individualized risk reduction programs for high-risk employees within the context of an ongoing comprehensive program emerged as a very effective strategy.