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Delivering the Science
and the Art of Health Promotion |
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Robert F. Allen
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| THE SCIENCE OF HEALTH PROMOTION | ||
| Interventions | ||
| Fitness | ||
| Bradley J. Cardinal | 397 | Does Physical Activity Behavior
Vary by Handedness? This cross-sectional study explored whether the physical activity behavior of 151 adults or their use of physical activity behavior change strategies, as derived from the Transtheoretical Model, differed by hand preference (i.e., handedness: right, left, ambidextrous). The left-handers in this study were more prevalent in the early stages (i.e., inactive or irregularly active) of change relative to right-handers (84.6% vs. 48.1%, respectively), used the behavioral and cognitive processes of change to a lesser extent (M = 46.9 vs. M = 40.5 and M = 46.9 vs. M = 40.5, respectively), and had lower self-efficacy for physical activity involvement in comparison with those who were right-handed or ambidextrous. While causality cannot be inferred from these findings, this study provides preliminary support that handedness may be a previously unrecognized heritable correlate of physical activity behavior and the use of physical activity behavior change strategies. |
| Medical Self-Care | ||
| Kirsten Barrett Jeffrey Legg |
401 | Demographic and Health Factors
Associated With Mammography Utilization Data from the 2002 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey were examined in an attempt to determine the frequency of mammography utilization among women >40 years of age (n = 93,657). Relationships between mammography utilization and demographic and health factors were also explored. Overall, 76% of the women reported having had a mammogram within the previous 2 years, which exceeds the Healthy People 2010 target of 70%. However, women without health insurance, women without a personal physician, and women not receiving basic preventive care were found to be lagging behind in terms of mammogram utilization. |
| Smoking Control | ||
| Rie Akamatsu Masakazu Nakamura Taro Shirakawa |
406 | Relationships Between Smoking
Behavior and Readiness to Change Physical Activity Patterns in a Community
in Japan Readiness to change exercise behavior differed by gender in this survey of smokers, ex-smokers and nonsmokers (n = 11,708) living in Hikami, Japan. Among men, ex-smokers were more ready to change their exercise behavior than were current smokers. When the data were controlled for possible confounding factors like age, body mass index, and health consciousness, more male ex-smokers exercised regularly than did smokers. By comparison, roughly twice as many female smokers exercised regularly than did ex-smokers. The gender difference in exercise patterns among smokers and ex-smokers may reflect the social norm that labels smoking as undesirable in Japanese women. |
| Terry Bush Susan J. Curry Jack Hollis Louis Grothaus Evette Ludman Tim McAfee Michael Polen Malia Oliver |
410 | Preteen Attitudes About Smoking
and Parental Factors Associated With Favorable Attitudes Preteens aged 10 to 12 years and one parent of each child (n = 418 families) were recruited by telephone from two health maintenance organizations for this family-based smoking prevention study. Participating families received an intervention consisting of a smoking prevention packet; telephone calls from a counselor; a newsletter; and prompts to medical providers to deliver smoking prevention messages. One-third of children believed they could smoke without becoming addicted, and 8% to 10% believed there were benefits to smoking. The presence of positive attitudes toward smoking among preteens was associated with lower family cohesiveness (p = .01). Parental use of tobacco was the only significant predictor of preteen positive attitudes toward smoking. |
| Strategies | ||
| Behavior Change | ||
| Donna B. Johnson Diana Birkett Carina Evens Sheryl Pickering |
418 | Statewide Intervention to
Reduce Television Viewing in WIC Clients and Staff An evaluation of the Healthy Habits television reduction intervention as delivered through the state of Washington’s Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) program to 64 local WIC agencies. The intervention lasted 6 months with data collected at baseline and post-intervention from 10,445 and 9188 WIC clients and staff, respectively. The percentage of WIC clients reporting restricting television viewing to 2 hours or less per day was 64.2% at baseline and 70.5% post-intervention. This 6.3% change was associated with several factors including educational attainment and ethnicity. |
| Ronald C. Plotnikoff Linda J. McCargar Philip M. Wilson Constantinos A. Loucaides |
422 | Efficacy of an E-mail Intervention
for the Promotion of Physical Activity and Nutrition Behavior in the
Workplace Context A convenience sample of 2121 employees from five large worksites in Alberta, Canada, who had access to a personal e-mail address were randomly assigned to an intervention or a control group. The intervention group received one physical activity and one nutrition message by e-mail per week for 12 weeks. The control group received no weekly e-mail messages. Participants completed self-reported measures of physical activity and nutrition related to knowledge, attitudes and behaviors before and after the intervention. Although the differences between the groups were small, the intervention group increased its mean total physical activity levels, whereas physical activity declined in the control group. Both groups reported healthier eating practices, but dietary changes were more pronounced in the intervention group. |
| Culture Change | ||
| Beti Thompson Peggy A. Hannon Sonia K. Bishop Briana E. West Amber K. Peterson Shirley A. A. Beresford |
430 | Factors Related To
Participatory Employee Advisory Boards In Small, Blue-collar Worksites
Factors related to formation, participation and characteristics of employee advisory boards were examined in 22 blue-collar worksites. There was no association between the way the EAB was formed, attendance in meetings, participation in activities, and representativeness. Enthusiasm on the part of EAB members was related to participation by employees in project activities. |
| Research Methods | ||
| From Evidence-Based Practice to Practice-Based Evidence | ||
| Lionel S. Lim Donald E. Williams Philip T. Hagen |
438 | Validation of a Five-point
Self-rated Stress Score The usefulness of the one-item, five-point self-rated stress score (SRSS) in detecting psychological distress in a retrospective cohort of 266 consecutive clinical health psychology patients was assessed. The SRSS had a modest but significant correlation with a global index from the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) criterion measure (r = .40, p < .001). Multivariate analysis showed that compared to participants with low stress, those with moderately high and high stress had a 6 to 25 times increased risk of psychological distress. Further research is needed to establish the validity and test-retest reliability of the SRSS with general or primary care outpatient populations, and to compare the usefulness of the SRSS against other measures, such as the four-item Perceived Stress Scale. |
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Abstracts DataBase: Research and Evaluation Results |
442 447
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12 abstracts
are featured from a variety of publications Four new studies are critiqued and added to the DataBase chart |
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453 461 |
Poster Session
Abstracts Call for Proposals |
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The Art of Health Promotion |
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| Larry S. Chapman | 1 | Meta-Evaluation of Worksite Health Promotion
Economic Return Studies: 2005 Update Worksite Health Promotion (WHP) offers employers a potential solution for the problem of rising employee health care costs. However, the spread of Health Promotion to more employer worksites still requires credible evidence concerning its likely economic return. In this issue of The Art of Health Promotion a 2005 update of an earlier meta-evaluation of economic return studies of WHP programs is presented. The meta-evaluation methodology was adapted from the smoking cessation and weight management literature. Fifty-six peer reviewed studies that met the selection criteria are evaluated and summarized in this issue. Economic return is examined in regard to: health plan, sick leave absenteeism, workers’ compensation, disability management and presenteeism costs. Twenty-one of the fifty-six studies also addressed the issue of cost/benefit analysis. |
| 11 |
Selected Abstracts Abstracts are provided for 16 of the new articles included in this update of the original meta-evaluation. |
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| Michael P. O'Donnell | 15 |
Closing Thoughts Editorial comments on the updated meta-evaluation article are offered in the Closing Thoughts column. |
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American Journal of Health Promotion | 248-682-0707 |
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